The Sounds of English [NEED TO FINISH WRITING, UPLOAD MISSING AUDIOS]
Or rather, to be more precise, the phonemes of English as this does not list all possible sounds in modern English and some letter-sounds are combined (example: p and ph combined as p).
English is messy. It's a bit challenging to link the 44 IPA phonemes exactly and distinctly to steno as steno combines some common consonant clusters into a distinct stroke that there is no specific, direct IPA phoneme for. For example, steno treats the consonant cluster "rch" as a distinct sound and stroke, but IPA writes "rch" as rtʃ (so I need to adapt this chart to stenography much better! Think I'll add "consonant clusters not distinctly defined as individual sounds/digraphs" section.) Some of the steno outlines shown below differentiate between starting sound strokes and ending sound strokes, some show both the starting sound and ending sound strokes at the same time.
[Note here about how C and Q don't have their own sounds, "soft" G (J equivalency), "hard" G]
| Letter-sound | IPA | Steno | Example Words | (tbd) | Azyre | (Dana) | MJ | Ivy | (Nick) | L2azor | (Brandy) | (TBA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| "Short" A | æ | A | CAT | |||||||||
| æ | BLACK | |||||||||||
| ə | AWAY | |||||||||||
| ə | CINEMA | |||||||||||
| ɑ: | ARM | |||||||||||
| ɑ | FATHER | |||||||||||
| "Long" A | eɪ | AEU | SAY | |||||||||
| eɪ | EIGHT | |||||||||||
| eəʳ | WHERE | |||||||||||
| ɛə | AIR | |||||||||||
| "Short" E | ɛ e | E | MET | |||||||||
| ɛ | BED | |||||||||||
| ɜ | LEARN | |||||||||||
| "Long" E | i: | AOE | SEE | |||||||||
| i | HEAT | |||||||||||
| ɪəʳ | NEAR | |||||||||||
| ɪə | HEAR | |||||||||||
| "Short" I | ɪ | EU | HIT | |||||||||
| ɪ | SITTING | |||||||||||
| "Long" I | aɪ | AOEU | FIVE | |||||||||
| aɪ | EYE | |||||||||||
| "Short" O | ɒ | O | HOT | |||||||||
| ɒ | ROCK | |||||||||||
| "Long" O | oʊ | OE | GO | |||||||||
| oʊ | HOME | |||||||||||
| "Short" U | ʌ | U | CUP | |||||||||
| ʌ | LUCK | |||||||||||
| ʊ | PUT | |||||||||||
| "ew" | u u: | BLUE | ||||||||||
| ɜ ɜ:ʳ | TURN, TERN | |||||||||||
| "Long" U | ʊəʳ | AOU | PURE | |||||||||
| ʊər | TOURIST | |||||||||||
| Diphthong "aw" | ɔ ɔ: | AU | CALL | |||||||||
| Diphthong "ow", "ou" | aʊ | OU | NOW | |||||||||
| aʊ | OUT | |||||||||||
| ɔ oʊ | FOUR | |||||||||||
| ʊ | COULD | |||||||||||
| Diphthong "oi" | ɔɪ | OEU | BOY | |||||||||
| ɔɪ | JOIN | |||||||||||
| All words spelled with "oo" are stroked AO regardless of pronunciation. | ʊ ɔ: ə əʊ | AO | FOOD | |||||||||
| CONSONANTS | ||||||||||||
| b | PW | BAD | ||||||||||
| b | -B | LAB | ||||||||||
| d | TK-D | DID | ||||||||||
| d | -D | LADY | ||||||||||
| f | TP | FIND | ||||||||||
| f | -F | IF | ||||||||||
| "Hard" G | g | TKPW | GIVE | |||||||||
| "Hard" G | g | -G | FLAG | |||||||||
| h | H | HOW | ||||||||||
| h | HELLO | |||||||||||
| J, "Soft" G | dʒ | SKWR | JUST | |||||||||
| J, "Soft" G | dʒ | -PLBG | LARGE | |||||||||
| k | K | CAT | ||||||||||
| k | -BG | BACK | ||||||||||
| l | HR | LEG | ||||||||||
| ˈl l | HR-L | LITTLE | ||||||||||
| m | PH | MAN | ||||||||||
| m | -PL | LEMON | ||||||||||
| n | TPH | NO | ||||||||||
| n | -PB | TEN | ||||||||||
| "ng" | ŋ | -PBG | SING | |||||||||
| ŋg | FINGER | |||||||||||
| p pʰ | P-P | PET | ||||||||||
| p pʰ | MAP | |||||||||||
| r | R-R | RED | ||||||||||
| r | TRY | |||||||||||
| s | S-S | SUN | ||||||||||
| s | -SZ | MISS | ||||||||||
| t | T-T | TEA | ||||||||||
| t | GETTING | |||||||||||
| V | v | SR | VOICE | |||||||||
| V | v | -F | FIVE | |||||||||
| w | W | WET | ||||||||||
| w | WINDOW | |||||||||||
| y | KWR | YES | ||||||||||
| ˈy | YELLOW | |||||||||||
| z | S* | ZOO | ||||||||||
| z | LAZY | |||||||||||
| Digraph "ch" | tʃ | KH | CHECK | |||||||||
| tʃ | KH-FP | CHURCH | ||||||||||
| Digraph "sh" | ʃ | SH- | SHE | |||||||||
| ʃ | -RB | CRASH | ||||||||||
| (Fricative) | ʒ | PLEASURE | ||||||||||
| ʒ | -GS | VISION | ||||||||||
| Digraph "th" | θ | TH- | THINK | |||||||||
| ð | THIS | |||||||||||
| ð | *T | MOTHER | ||||||||||
| θ | BOTH |